Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The pathophysiological base of metabolic syndrome is insulin resistance. According to Scott E.M., Grant P.J., insulin resistance is supposed to be formed during the evolution and connected by circadian rhythms. Melatonin is synchronizer of circadian rhythms. The modern lifestyle leads to the breach of melatonin synthesis because of absence of season changes in the length of a light day due to the using of artificial lighting.Aim: The aim was ...

The purpose: To estimate the frequency of appearance of different risk factors for the DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) developing in a real clinical practice in Rostov-on-Don.Materials: Patients who had a diagnosis of DKA.Methods: Survey about the character of nutrition, alcohol drinking and other risk factors.Design: All patients were divided into two groups according to their age. The first group-12 patients yo...

The aim of the study was to defined the level of rehabilitation after the stroke depending on the type of hyperglycemia.Materials and methods: The retrospective analysis of 122 (54 female and 68 men) cases of ischemic stroke (IS) has been done. The diagnosis of IS was confirmed by computer tomography. According to the level of hyperglycemia at the debut of IS the patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 (60 patients) – with normoglycemia, gr...

Background: Cushing’s disease (CD) develops as a result of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Transsphenoidal selective surgery (TSS) is the first-line therapy, and success is largely determined by the experience of the surgeon. There are several reasons for the persistence of the disease, but it is almost impossible to predict such an outcome in advance, which leads to multiple interventions and has a pronounced effect on the quality of life of patients.<p class="abs...

Background: Parathyroid cancer is a rare pathology, approximately 2 cases per 10, 000, 000 people/year. The five-year survival rate for this disease ranges from 20–85%, and the ten-year survival rate is approximately 15–80%. Timely detection and compliance with algorithms for parathyroid gland cancer diagnostics allows surgical treatment and maximum positive prognosis for patient.Clinical case: Patient 18 y.o., was presented with complaints t...

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare hereditary condition that most often manifests with primary hyperparathyroidism followed by other syndromes, but there are other variations in the clinical presentation, which can increase the risk of medical error and worsen prognosis. A 32-year-old woman presents with complaints of low glucose levels, hunger, weakness, sleep disturbances, which are stopped by taking sweets. At the age of 16, a pituitary macroadenoma, prola...

Background: Graves’ disease in combination with thyroid nodules is more common in women. However, more than one in three patients has carcinoma. Unfortunately, thyroid cancer is most frequently detected accidentally after a thyroidectomy for Graves’ disease, despite the wide possibilities of modern diagnostic methods.Clinical case: A 55-year women complained of discomfort in the neck, sweating, irritability, palpitation. From anamnesis: in 20...

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a decrease in bone strength and an increased risk of fractures. In the structure of osteoporosis, secondary osteoporosis is 5% in women and 20% in men. Clinicians need to exclude the secondary nature of osteoporosis, since under the ’mask’ of mineral metabolism disorders, more rare and dangerous diseases can arise. A 65-years-old women presents with complaints of three low-traumatic fractures in the last ye...

Thyroid orbitopathy (TO) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of retroocular tissues. Mostly, TO is associated with Graves’ hyperthyroidism. The development of TO is accompanied by pathological changes in the soft tissues of the orbit with damage to the optic nerve and cornea, the accessory apparatus of the eye. Despite the presence of specific symptoms, the diagnosis of TO causes problems for doctors. A 61-year-old man complained of discomfort in the eyes, double vision...

Thyrotoxicosis (T) develops as a result of persistent excess of thyroid hormones (TH). There are two groups of diseases that are fundamentally different in pathogenesis. The first group includes those in which the production of TH increases. Diseases of the second group are accompanied by T caused by destruction of the thyroid gland tissue. Therapeutic approaches for different types of T are different, therefore, a careful differential diagnosis of T is necessary, even if at f...